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This analytical report serves as a sequel to the Freshfields Report. This first report concluded that integrating environmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations into an investment analysis is clearly permissible and is arguably required in all jurisdictions examined. Accordingly, this second publication provides a legal roadmap for fiduciaries looking for concrete steps to operationalise their commitment to responsible investment.

This analytical report describes the Marrakech Process. This is a dynamic multi-stakeholder platform that supports the implementation of projects and programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) at the regional and national levels and the elaboration of a Global Framework for Action on SCP. The publication defines the concept of SCP, provides brief answers and overviews of each of the activities of the Marrakech Process (international and regional meetings, task forces, forums with business and civil society, etc) and highlights the outcomes and progress achieved. It also explains SCP contributions to poverty alleviation and climate change mitigation.

This analytical report is a youth summary of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report (HDR) on Climate Change 2007/2008 “Fighting Climate Change: Human Solidarity in a Divided World”. The document discusses climate change and its impact on the environment and human development and call young people to take action against climate change.

This video features a presentation by Dr. Tim Kelly, Head of the Standardization Policy Division, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), titled “Climate change: ICTs to the rescue?”, presented during the first session of the United Nations Agency for Information and Communication Technologies (ITU)/Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan (MIC) Symposium on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Climate Change held on 15-16 April 2008 in Kyoto, Japan.

This video features an interview with Malcom Johnson, Director of the Standardization Bureau of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) talking about the increasing emphasis on green Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and ICT standards for climate change.

This video features a side-event on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Climate Change organized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in partnership with the Global e-Sustainability Initiative (GeSI) during the UNFCCC climate change talks in Barcelona, Spain, in 2009.  During the event, top decision-makers from governments, international organisations and industry shared their views and solutions on how ICTs can help address climate change.

This video features a summary of climate change negotiations in Copenhagen, Denmark during COP15 with a special focus on international and communications technologies (ICTs). These can be part of  the solution to combat climate change as they are particularly useful for monitoring and mitigation activities. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness on the ICTs sector and its potential among the delegates and include it in the final text of the negotiations.

This video includes an interview with Dr. Hamadoun Touré, Secretary-General of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) discussing Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Climate Change during COP 15. He highlights that technology can provide powerful tools to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and that it is essential to support effective and innovative climate change solutions.

This analytical report looks at the potential role that information and communication technologies (ICTs) play at different stages of the process of climate change, from contributing to global warming, to monitoring it, to mitigating its impact on the most vulnerable parts of the globe, to developing long-term solutions, both directly in the ICT sector and in other sectors like energy, transport, buildings etc. The final sections examine what the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is already doing in this field and describe strategic options for the future.

This analytical report highlights that Next-Generation Networks (NGNs) could bring about a substantial reduction in power consumption and thereby reduce the telecommunication sector’s contribution to global warming. It presents an overview of the main characteristics of NGNs and looks at how they can minimize power consumption of network, transmission and end-user equipment, as well as in data centres. It also examines the energy savings that can be indirectly obtained from greater NGN usage, such as remote collaboration, and highlights the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) standardization work in the field of NGNs and climate change. 

This policy document presents the vision and the strategies to address climate change of the  International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Within the United Nations system, ITU’s competence in the telecommunications/information and telecommunication technology (ICT) sector enables it to contribute to nearly all of the main pillars of work under the Bali Roadmap and framework for negotiations, namely science and data monitoring, adaptation, mitigation and technology. At the same time, ITU will reach out to its membership to assist them in combating climate change and in adapting to it, and will engage more fully with other organizations active in this effort.

This activity report was prepared specially for the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Symposium on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Climate Change, in Quito, Ecuador, 8-10 July 2009. It examines the ways in which ICTs contribute to global warming, but also how they can be used to monitor, mitigate and adapt to climate change. It also highlights that the actions of the ICT industry have to be a coordinated part of a wider, global initiative, and that is why the outcomes of the ITU symposia will contribute to ongoing work in the ITU and elsewhere. Technology-based solutions have to be backed up by political will and a genuine desire to change the direction in which humanity is heading, in order to avoid a planetary crisis caused by climate change.

This manual aims to help countries, jurisdictions, communities and organizations, particularly those in the developing world, assess the contribution that information and communication technologies (ICTs) can make to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as part of a national climate change strategy and action plan. The toolkit proposes an approach and some tools for this purpose. It also  considers the readiness of countries and jurisdictions to use ICTs for mitigating and adjusting to the impacts of climate change. This readiness assessment is based on the use of indicators. Indicators of the readiness of countries are captured using the e-Environment Readiness Index (EERI).

This analytical report reviews key Information and Communications Technology (ICT) trends and provides an overview of the impact that ICTs have on the environment and climate change as well as their role in helping mankind to mitigate and adapt to these changes. Intended as guidelines for developing countries, the report approaches the topic from a developmental perspective and is based on consultations with key actors and extensive online research. It documents current activities and initiatives and makes a set of recommendations for strengthening the capacity of developing countries to make beneficial use of ICTs to mitigate and adapt to environmental change, including climate change.

This technical document provides comprehensive technical and operational information on current observation applications and systems and on the use of radio frequencies by meteorological systems, including meteorological satellites, radiosondes, weather radars, wind profiler radars and spaceborne remote sensing. It is intended for the meteorological (i.e. weather, water and climate) and radiocommunication communities, including governmental institutions, industry as well as the general public.

This analytical report discusses the linkage between climate change and the information and communication technology (ICT) sector, with a specific focus on telecommunications. It considers the special relationship between ICTs and climate change as the context for exploring whether the nature of the relationship ought to include a special role for regulators. Specifically, the paper considers whether the nature of the special position between ICT players and climate change suggests that ICT sector regulators, particularly those in charge of regulating telecommunications service providers (TSPs), should have a more active role in environmental protection and should consider climate change issues when making decisions concerning TSPs.

This technical document analyzes possible means to improve the recognition of the essential role and global importance of Earth observation radiocommunication applications and the knowledge and understanding of administrations regarding the utilization and benefits of these applications. It includes an extensive overview of the use of spectrum by Earth observation radiocommunication applications. It also provides an overview of solar radio monitoring applications and describes the benefits from spectrum use by the radio astronomy and space research.

This analytical report gives an overview of how old and new submarine cables could be used for decades to come as a major resource and a real-time global network to monitor climate change and to provide tsunami warnings. It highlights that  future generations of cables and associated components could have the capacity to directly measure climate variables, such as water temperature, salinity and pressure on the ocean floor. 

This analytical report provides an overview of how Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) can be a strategic enabler for smart water management policies and surveys upcoming ICT standards that will enable smart water initiatives. It highlights that technologies such as satellite remote sensing in combination with semantic sensor web and geographical information systems can be used innovatively by water authorities to obtain information in real time about water use, to track and forecast the level of rivers and to identify new sources of fresh water. With the impact of climate change, sole reliance on historical hydrologic weather patterns is no longer a viable forecast for water authorities. Smart metering technologies can also provide individuals, businesses and water companies with information in near real-time about their own water use, thus raising awareness about usage, locating leakages and having better control over water demand.

This analytical report highlights that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can be used in a number of ways to meet the requirements of the three main pillars of the Bali Action Plan arising from COP-13 in December 2007. These are: enhanced action on adaptation, cooperative action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and actions on mitigation of climate change. ICTs can address these and the problems that all countries (particularly developing countries) face with respect to climate change. ICTs can be used to mitigate the impact of other sectors on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and to help countries adapt to climate change.