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This technical document provides a compilation of tools targeted at decision-makers at regional, national or local levels in countries facing strategic decisions in developing a modern bioenergy sector. The publication classifies the tools on the basis of their relevance to different assessment steps of the value chain of sustainable bioenergy production and use. The main advantages of the different tools, as well as the difficulties to which they may be subject, are evaluated.

This analytical report aims to facilitate access to financing for bioenergy for sustainable development at the project, programme and sectoral level in developing countries. It intends to provide a comprehensive tool for use by national governments and project developers when assessing different financing opportunities for bioenergy projects and programmes, giving a clear picture of selection criteria and bioenergy project characteristics that should be fulfilled to receive these financing.

This analytical report addresses land tenure in natural disasters in Mozambique, Bangladesh, Philippines and Ecuador. The analysis carried out in this publication aims to improve understanding of land tenure in the context of natural disasters, and to foster more analysis and data collection to better assess the relationships between natural disasters and land tenure at national and local levels, especially in those countries that are prone to natural hazards.

This manual discusses why land tenure is important and identifies land issues that may arise following a natural disaster. It argues that improving land tenure security and protecting access to land reduce the risk of future disasters to all landholders, and in particular the most vulnerable sections of the community. It also advocates that land tenure should be considered in all stages of Disaster Risk Management and associated projects.

This analytical report  aims to raise awareness of key government and humanitarian actors on the importance of addressing land tenure issues in natural disasters. The document contains six briefs on: Bangladesh, Ecuador, Honduras, Indonesia, Mozambique, and the Philippines. Each country brief conveys information allowing to better understand the key role of secure land tenure and access when dealing with natural disasters vulnerability of the poor, women and men.

This manual includes guidelines to address land issues from the immediate aftermath of a natural disaster through early recovery and reconstruction phases. It takes an inter-disciplinary approach to land, bringing together humanitarian emergency relief and early recovery perspectives. Throughout the text, readers find many short cases illustrating practical aspects of bringing land issues into the post-disaster recovery process. Tools and other useful references are also included.

This module discusses the linkage between climate change and development. In this context, the agriculture sector is part of solution to cope with climate change and can be remunerated through climate change funds. Its impacts can be appraised through the carbon balance appraisal thank to some tools and methodology.

This technical document presents and analyses the impact of climate change on inland fishery and aquaculture in Africa. Though precise consequences cannot yet be defined, three main pathways of climate change impact are outlined, affecting fisheries and aquaculture, their dependent communities and their economic activities: direct physical (e.g. flooding, severe droughts), biological and ecological (e.g. productivity of lakes and rivers), and indirect wider social and economic (e.g. fresh water use conflicts).

This technical document briefly discusses how to assess vulnerability of fishermen and fish farming communities. Such knowledge is needed to enhance the ability to target adaptation. Possible pathways for adaptation and mitigation are also introduced. The final sections analyse potential funding sources for adaptation in inland fisheries and aquaculture and present activities already in place.

This technical document intends to provide an overview of the current available knowledge on the possible impacts of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture. It includes three papers. The first addresses climate variability and change and their physical and ecological consequences on marine and freshwater environments. The second tackles the consequences of climate change impacts on fishers and their communities and reviews possible adaptation and mitigation measures that could be implemented. The third addresses specifically the impacts of climate change on aquaculture and reviews possible adaptation and mitigation measures that could be implemented.

The analytical report analyzes the potential impacts of climate change on the aquaculture sector at the global and regional levels. Overall, impacts on aquaculture are predicted to vary widely, depending on the current climatic zones of activity. Climate change impacts on aquaculture have both direct effects, for instance through physical and physiological processes, and indirect effects, for instance through variations in fish meal supplies and trade issues. Regarding  contributions to greenhouse gas emissions, aquaculture has limited relevance and the primary mitigation route for the sector lies in the reduction of energy consumption, through fuel and raw material use.

This policy document aims to provide the medium-term (2011–16) framework defining the perspectives and objectives of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department with respect to climate change issues and development responses. It also plans to strengthen coherence and operational effectiveness with respect to more localized delivery through regional and subregional offices.

This technical document has been prepared in light of the upcoming Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC in December 2007 to inform about the status and ongoing efforts in the field of forest monitoring, assessment and reporting at national and international levels. Part I is a review of FAO’s role in providing support to developing countries seeking to enhance their capacity to monitor, assess and report on forest resources and forest carbon. Part II reviews the current status in countries with respect to forest area changes and forest carbon stock. 

This policy document discusses opportunities for financing agriculture in Africa and provides recommendations. It stresses that African farmers have the potential to both reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and increase agricultural yields. The technical mitigation potential of agriculture by 2030 in Africa reaches 2Gt of CO2-eq per year. With the promise of emission reductions, carbon finance could underwrite the training of farmers in new practices as well as the establishment of MRV systems to track that both carbon and agricultural benefits are accrued.

This policy document explores the linkage between gender issues and climate change. It highlights households do not act as one when making decisions, women tend to control fewer resources and to be more vulnerable to external shocks due to already-present vulnerability from unequal access to resources, lower levels of education, increased burden and poorer health. The document also recommends ways to integrate gender into climate change adaptation policies and activities.

This technical document provides an analysis of how women are affected by the adverse effects of climate change hazards. However it also highlights opportunities for action. It stresses that women are not only vulnerable to climate change but they are also effective agents of change in relation to both mitigation and adaptation. References to relevant United Nations mandates and information sources are also included.

This audio file is part of a series that was created by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat to help spread the word about the Joint Implementation in plain language. It explains how to develop own ideas and projects.

This audio file is part of a series that was created by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat to help spread the word about the Joint Implementation in plain language. It explains what an Emission Reduction Unit (ERU) is.

This audio file is part of a series that was created by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat to help spread the word about the Joint Implementation in plain language. It explains what an Accredited Independent Entity (AIE) is.

This audio file is part of a series that was created by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat to help spread the word about the Joint Implementation in plain language. It explains what a Designated Focal Point (DFP) is.