Biblioteca

This policy document aims to demonstrate the foundational significance of ecosystems for human well-being in the African region. It highlights some of the key policy challenges and opportunities in ecosystem management and makes some recommendations for enhancing capacity of policy makers in the region.  The document also aims to stimulate discussion and debate on how, in the effort to prevent and reverse degradation of ecosystems and the services they provide, the continent can promote and utilise healthy ecosystems to support a sustainable and more climate-resilient development path.

This manual focuses on climate change mitigation financing for smallholders. It is divided into sections on the role of climate change finance in the context of agricultural development and poverty reduction, and a guide to developing soil carbon sequestration crediting projects. Highlighting the interest in climate-smart agriculture, the guidebook describes opportunities that provide food security and mitigation benefits, but stresses that concerns remain over the ability to monitor and report on soil carbon emissions.

This activity report presents a summary of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) challenges and successes in 2011. The report notes that the CDM continued to grow in 2011, with over 3500 registered projects currently, in 72 countries, and over 3600 projects in various stages of the registration process. The annual report also outlines measures undertaken by the CDM Executive Board and its support structure to enhance the efficiency of many processes under the CDM, such as guidelines for standardized emissions baselines and simplification of the CDM requirements. It concludes that the CDM is an effective tool for incentivizing low-carbon development.

This technical document presents a systematic overview of current European forest ecosystem and its interaction with climate change impact through a new geo-climatic lens. It discusses the assessment of climate change impacts on forest regulating services using an ecosystem based valuation approach and finally presents the economic valuation exercise, and corresponding monetary estimation results of forest sequestration services in the context of climate change. 

This policy document consists of a COP 12 position paper stressing the importance of the fact  that decision makers are able to formulate their policies based on the latest unbiased, scientific data such and the role of WMO in providing them. It aims to facilitate the discussions at the Conference of Parties at their twelfth (COP-12) meeting in Nairobi, Kenya, in November 2006.

This policy document consists of a COP 13 position paper stressing that adaptive management approaches do not only require a coherent policy framework from governments, but also high quality climate information and tools for risk management through better and systematic monitoring, assessments and predictions at the regional, national and even local scales. It aims to facilitate the discussions at the Conference of Parties at their thirteenth (COP-13) meeting in Bali, Indonesia, in December 2007.

This policy document consists of a COP 14 position paper presenting the role that the hydrologic, meteorological and climate communities can play in achieving the objectives of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This note is designed with the objective to help National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) and their national partners play an effective role within their national delegations to provide the scientific basis to the negotiations and at the same time enable the delegations to move forward in the technology transfer part of the negotiations thereby facilitate the discussions at the Conference of Parties at their fourteenth (COP-14) meeting in Poznan, Poland in December 2008.

This policy document consists of a COP15 position paper presenting the role that the climate, weather and water communities can and do play in achieving the objectives of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This note is designed with the objective to help National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) and their national partners provide the scientific underpinning to the negotiations, to enable them to play their expected role within the national delegations and, in so doing, facilitate the discussions at the Conference of Parties at their Fifteenth (COP15) meeting in Copenhagen, Denmark in December 2009.

This policy document consists of a COP 16 position paper presenting the role that the weather, climate and hydrological communities can play in effectively addressing the objectives of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This note is intended to help National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) and their national partners to provide the scientific underpinning to the negotiations and enable them to play their role within their national delegations.

This brochure aims to contribute to the emerging debate on adaptation to climate variability and change and sustainable development. Specifically, it provides Parties attending COP11 and COP/MOP1 with information on the activities carried out by World Meteorological Organization (WMO), National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) and partners to mainstream climate knowledge into adaptation and sustainable development decision-making. It also contributes to ongoing efforts to foster a common, coordinated response by the United Nations system to climate variability and change, in the light of the 2005 World Summit and a number of newly emerging initiatives and partnerships such as the 2005 G8 Gleneagles Summit to advance the international Climate Agenda.

This brochure provides updated information on how climate science and services can enhance adaptation to climate variability and change, especially for development needs. The brochure highlights a few examples from the experience of NMHSs and collaborating organizations, to give an idea of real-life experience in utilizing climate knowledge to formulate and implement appropriate adaptive policies and strategies.

This technical document includes the analysis and findings of an on-line survey on the role of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) in adaptation to climate variability and change. The surveys was designed to gather information on ways that NMHSs are contributing to the national climate change response both directly and indirectly, as well as potential gaps that NMHSs could fill if appropriate resources and planning are provided.

This technical document includes the summary for policy makers of the Working Group III Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (SRREN). This presents an assessment of the literature on the scientific, technological, environmental, economic and social aspects of the contribution of six renewable energy sources to the mitigation of climate change. It is intended to provide policy relevant information to governments, intergovernmental processes and other interested parties. The summary for policymakers provides an overview of the SRREN, summarizing the essential findings.

This technical document assesses the scientific literature on the potential role of renewable energy in the mitigation of climate change for policymakers, the private sector, academic researchers and civil society. It covers six renewable energy sources – bioenergy, direct solar energy, geothermal energy, hydropower, ocean energy and wind energy – as well as their integration into present and future energy systems. It considers the environmental and social consequences associated with the deployment of these technologies, and presents strategies to overcome technical as well as non-technical obstacles to their application and diffusion. The authors also compare the levelized cost of energy from renewable energy sources to recent non-renewable energy costs.

This policy document notices that, as the world begins to feel the effects of climate change, the frequency of droughts is increasing in the Horn of Africa. Considering the two main channels through which the drought and food crisis affects welfare in Kenya, the document identifies four broad policy changes that can reduce Kenya’s future vulnerability to such shocks: (i) investment in people in the arid and semiarid lands; (ii) reform of Kenya’s maize policy; (iii) review of the East African Community grain trade policy; and (iv) formulation of a unified social protection system.

This analytical report summarizes the main findings of a study on the scale and distribution of green employment in the economy of Bangladesh. It has estimated, within the constraints of available data, environment-related employment in Bangladesh, the employment sustained by more environmentally friendly activities and, within those areas, the number of decent jobs that thereby warrant the badge of a ‘green job’ under the UNEP/ILO definition of the term.

This analytical report includes six country studies in Europe on good practice examples of how national policies for greening economies are complemented by identification of skills needs and efficient skills response strategies. The study is based on research in Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Spain, France and the UK. It closes with a set of recommendation and conclusions.

This analytical report presents the component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs of the United States. It describes the major policy efforts in the US to promote the development of green jobs, the occupational classification systems being created to track the growth of green jobs, and the education and training efforts that have been implemented to prepare US workers for employment in green industries. It closes with a set of recommendation and conclusions.

This analytical report presents the component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs of Uganda. It notices that Uganda, like other developing countries, has not effectively responded towards mitigating and preventing environmental challenges, notably climate change. The cost of inaction by the majority of institutions mandated to protect the environment has led to the country becoming more vulnerable. The emerging “green” employment areas are discussed, along with their skills and knowledge gaps and potential for greening the economy.

This analytical report presents the component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs of Thailand. It notices that while Thailand has strong green policy, there is no comprehensive plan to train people on green jobs, no database and labour market information for existing green jobs, new green jobs and the new green collar jobs. There is a need therefore to analyze the skills gap and to forecast the demand of the labour market in relation to green jobs.