Biblioteca

This analytical report presents the component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs of South Africa. It examines the current issues pertaining to greening the South African economy with special attention to skills requirements now and in the future. Current policy is found to be inconsistent and market forces have tended to be more effective in driving change. However, going forward there is potential for policy to direct significant structural changes. It is recommended that a cohesive approach is taken to green skills anticipation at a national level which will ensure correct identification of needs, and strong implementation of the pre-existing skills framework.

This analytical report presents the component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs of the Philippines. It notices that this country is facing two difficult and intertwined environmental tasks: minimizing the adverse impact of climate change through varied mitigation/adaptation measures and restoring its degraded environment. The way forward for the country is to pursue these tasks with greater vigour, coherence and consistency in the context of the need to green the economy and the labour market. This green economic shift is value-adding, job-creating, and a key to the creation of jobs that are both green and decent.

This analytical report presents the component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs of Mali. This study was undertaken to identify major challenges and priorities related to climate change and the subsequent greening policies and strategies, and to identify major sectors with a greening potential in the country. It notices that there are many actions going on in Mali where greening and adaptation to climate change have not been in focus, but have been taken into account unintentionally and that there is a big potential for green jobs in Mali, both for development of new occupations and new skills for old occupations.

This analytical report presents the component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs of the Republic of Korea. It describes the changes in the labour market due to greening initiatives and skills development strategies for emerging green jobs. It aims to: explain major policy measures including general environmental strategy towards a green growth and skills development strategy; discuss the green structural change and its impact on the labour market and outline the plans that Korea has put in place for skills response; present case studies that show actual examples of skills response to green economy in various sectors; and discuss the current approach and suggest policy recommendations.

This analytical report presents the Indonesian component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs. It aims to identify strategies related to skills development in Indonesia that may provide remedial measure of environmental degradation, climate change and global trends for green economies. It concludes that many sectors are already affected by the movement towards greener economy. Some companies in these sectors, either affected by new environmental regulations or driven by profit or competitiveness motives, already have started to adjust to the new greening trend in the market.

This analytical report presents the Indian component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs. It aims to provide an insight of major sectors with a green job potential in the country, with special emphasis on traditional sectors, and analyze whether and how skills response strategies are incorporated into larger ‘greening’ policies and programmes. The report further presents a brief skills needs for new occupations, new skills for greening existing occupations and retraining needs in sectors undergoing structural changes as a result of policy implementation, and introduction of greening technologies and practices. It also provides conclusions and policy recommendations.

This analytical report presents the Egypt component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs. It sheds light on the key challenges and priorities for the green economy and outlines the main environmental challenges currently facing Egypt. It then analyzes the skills development strategy corresponding to greening, investigates the obstacles for the integration of skills development into relevant policies and strategies and addresses the anticipation of skills needs. Finally, the study outlines the main findings and provides recommendations at policy and sector levels.

This analytical report presents the Costa Rica component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs. It notices that in recent years, Costa Rica has positioned itself as a world-leading model in sustainability. Numerous initiatives such as Climate Change Strategy and the Peace with Nature Initiative have been developed to steer the country in the right direction to maximize its goals in its greening potential. It stresses that main challenges and priorities related to climate change have provoked a national shift, which will require the creation of new green jobs, re-training or greening of existing ones in order to meet specific environmental goals.

This analytical report presents the Chinese component of a multi-country research project identifying skills for green jobs. It notices that the skills needs in China’s industries, which are rapidly changing due to new green jobs or existing jobs turning green, have been growing. It stresses thta China’s skill response should be swift and effective, with coordination between various government departments, which should play a more active role by anticipating the changing green skills needs by surveys of employers and employees. China’s tripartite mechanism among government, employers and employees in skill formation and delivery is necessary.

This policy document aims to provide context for Rio+20 discussions through analysis of current challenges in ocean and coastal management around the world, assessment of how well the multiple goals and objectives of previous international efforts have been met, and building on recent dialogue and inputs including the meeting of the UN Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea (UNICPOLOS) and the Secretary General’s report on Oceans and Law of the Sea. It then presents a number of tangible proposals towards ocean sustainability that should be regarded as priorities for consideration in the Rio+20 outcomes.

This activity report covers activities undertaken from 19 September 2010 to 13 October 2011. It provides a summary of the further consideration by the enforcement branch of the questions of implementation with respect to Bulgaria and Croatia and its consideration of three new questions of implementation with respect to Lithuania, Romania and Ukraine. It also contains information on discussions of the facilitative branch on provisions relating to facilitation, and discussions of the plenary of the Compliance Committee on issues relating to the status of reports of expert review teams and the consistency of reviews under Article 8 of the Kyoto Protocol.

This manual is intended as a practical reference tool to guide implementation of a Weather Index-based Insurance programme. It translates the WRMF into practical decision-making steps for donors and practitioners, covering phases of project design and management processes. It also highlights the need to use weather index-based insurance within an integrated approach that also considers constraints such as lack of access to finance, improved seed, inputs and markets. The manual includes background information, explanations and resource recommendations to help inform decision making.

This activity report provides a summary of the special event in the context of the forum on the impact of the implementation of response measures convened by the Chairs of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation at the thirty-fourth sessions of the subsidiary bodies. The event was held on 13 June 2011 in Bonn, Germany. The report outlines the objective of the event, the proceedings and the main issues raised. At the event, participants shared their views on various aspects of the impact of the implementation of response measures, and on possible elements for a work programme and a possible forum on response measures. This was followed by a discussion among Parties, observer organizations and experts.

This technical document contains a compilation of information on ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation. With a synthesis of the state of knowledge, this document provides an overview of how ecosystems can play a role in helping people adapt to climate change, through the compilation of examples and relevant knowledge products, and a discussion of issues related to the understanding and implementation of such approaches.

This activity report contains information on support provided to developing country Parties and activities undertaken to strengthen existing and, where needed, establish national and regional systematic observation and monitoring networks, based on information contained in the relevant submissions from Parties and information contained in the fifth national communications of Parties included in Annex I to the Convention.

This analytical report presents the lessons learned through the Climate Change Adaptation and Development Programme (CC DARE), which provides a variety of concrete solutions to move countries and communities in Sub-Saharan Africa towards low-carbon and climate-resilient development. It demonstrates how integrating adaptation into national development policies can strengthen and enhance the resilience of countries and communities against the impacts of climate change, while contributing to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It introduces the experience of 11 countries including Benin, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Tanzania, Togo and Uganda.

This technical document aims to assess the CDM’s overall use and effectiveness. It analyzes the claims made by project participants in the project design documents (PDDs) of 3,276 CDM projects that were registered by the CDM Executive Board on or before 31 July 2011. It focuses specifically on three issues: sustainable development benefits associated with CDM projects, technology transfer prompted by CDM projects, and investment flows generated by CDM projects. The results have been compared with other studies to identify common trends and issues.

This technical document includes the annual compilation and accounting reports after completion of the initial review under Article 8 of the Kyoto Protocol. The document, in addition to the key initial accounting parameters, has also contained annual information on: (a) total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the sources listed in Annex A to the Kyoto Protocol; (b) GHG emissions and removals from land use, land-use change and forestry activities under Article 3, paragraph 3, of the Kyoto Protocol, and elected activities under Article 3, paragraph 4, of the Kyoto Protocol; and (c) transactions and holdings of Kyoto Protocol units. Information is based on the 2011 Parties’ submission as at 24 October 2011.

This technical document discusses the identification and implementation of medium and long-term adaptation activities in the least developed countries. It builds on the experiences gained from implementing the least developed countries work programme, in particular on the preparation and implementation of national adaptation programmes of action (NAPAs). It provides an account of how elements of the preparation of NAPAs can help inform medium- and long-term adaptation. It contains case studies of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and Malawi as well as experiences of other developing and developed countries and multilateral programmes.

This technical document presents national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory data for the period 1990-2009. Information in this document is based on national GHG inventory submissions received as at 24 October 2011. It notices that, total aggregate GHG emissions excluding emissions/removals from land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) for all Annex I parties decreased by 11.5%, and total GHG emissions/removals including LULUCF decreased by 17.6%. For Annex I Parties with economies in transition (Annex I EIT Parties), GHG emissions excluding and including LULUCF decreased by 41.4% and 54.4%, respectively. For Annex I non-EIT parties, GHG emissions excluding LULUCF increased by 2.1% and GHG emissions including LULUCF increased by 0.6%.